Hose coupling with extrusion apertures in one member



Oct. 22, 1957 i J. w. WALSH ETAL. 2,810,594

HosE coUPLING WITH EXTRusIoN APERTURES IN oNE MEMBER Filed Oct. 13, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 /Q E @G4 Oct. 22, 1957 J. w. WALSH ETAL '2,810,594

HOSE COUPLING WITH EXTRUSION APERTURES IN ONE MEMBER FledOOt. l5, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 22, 1957 J. w. wALsH i-:TAL 2,810,594 AHOSE COUPLING WITH ExTRUsIoN APEnR'rURES 1N ONE MEMBER Filed Oct. 15, 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 .HC19/5 y rfc, /a 42 45 4/ United States Patent O lice HOSE COUPLING WITH EXTRUSIONAPERTURES IN ONE MEMBER Joseph W. Walsh, Philadelphia, and Matthew McCombe, Willow Grove, Pa., assignors to Mulconroy Co., Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application October 13, 1950, Serial No. 190,004

4 Claims. (Cl. 285-258) This invention relates to hose couplings and more particularly to couplings of the type adapted for attachment to hose ends as hereinafter more particularly described.

In general, couplings of this type comprise a tubular nipple, adapted for insertion in the end of the hose, and a sleeve surrounding the nipple and within which the hose end is confined under pressure between the confronting surfaces of nipple and sleeve. Where the hose body comprises an outer rubber casing, which is resilient but noncompressible, it has been customary in order to effect a satisfactory union between the said body and thev coupling elements, to strip the rubber down to the fabric or other carcass, or to the metallic or other reenforcing elements if such are present, so that in effect the sleeve is clamped to the carcass of the hose. This has had the effect of substantially reducing the bursting strength of the Wall of the hose, particularly in the area immediately adjoining the inner end of the sleeve, as demonstrated by a tendency of the hose to blow out under pressure in that area.

A principal object of the present invention is to provide a coupling of the stated type affording an adequately strong and leak proof union between the coupling elementsV and the hose without requiring removal of the outer layers of rubber from the hose body.

Another object of the invention is to provide a coupling of the stated type which, While aifording a strong union with the hose, will avoid the area of critical weakness mentioned above.

The invention resides further in certain structural details hereinafter described and illustrated in the attached drawings wherein;

Fig. l is a side View of the hose coupling attached to the hose;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view through `the coupling; Y

Fig. 3 is a side View partly in section of one of the elements of the coupling;

v Figs. 4 and 5 are side views partly in section showing modiiied forms of the element illustrated in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a side elevational View, partly in section, illustrating a modiied form of coupling within the scope of the invention;

Fig. 7 is a side elevational view, partly in section, illustrating still another modification;

Fig. 8 is a side elevational and partial sectional view showing the coupling illustrated in Fig. 7 attached to a hose end;

Figs. 9 and 10, respectively, are views of the two major elements of still another form of coupling embodying the principle of the invention, and

Figs. 1l and l2 are corresponding views illustrating still another form of coupling made in accordance `with the invention.

With reference to the drawings the coupling therein illustrated comprises a tubular nipple 1 having a major terminal portion 2, which is adapted to iit into the end of the hose, and an opposite terminal portion which ex` 2 tends beyond the hose end, this latter portion including an externally threaded terminal portion 3, which provides means for attaching the coupling and the hose to a suitable xture .or to another hose section, and including also a hexagonal nut portion 4 constituting a means for applying turning torque to the nipple. As shown in Fig. 2 the outer surface of the terminal end portion 2 of the nipple is formed with tooth-like circumferential projec-V tions 5 to lock mechanically. with the inner surface portions of the hose. In Figs. 1 and 2 the hose is indicated by the reference numeral 6. p Y

The coupling comprises also a sleeve 7, shown in Fig. 3, which in assembly is adapted to embrace the'outside of the hose around the Vinserted end portion 2 of the nipple 1.Y The sleeve has at one end an inturned ange 8 which extends into'a recess 9 in the outer surfaceof the nipple 1 immediately adjoining the inner end of the nut section 4. VIn the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Fig. 2 this recess 9 also receives a split ring 11 vwhich lies inside the sleeve and against the inner surface of the iiange S.

In assembling the elements of the coupling on the hose thersleeve containing the ring 11 is lirst applied to the outside of the hose, it 4being noted by reference to Fig. 3 that the original diameter of the sleeve affords a sliding t between the sleeve and the hose. Thereafter the terminal portion. 2 of the nipple is inserted through the open end of the sleeve and into the end of the hose so that the recess 9 will lie opposite the ring 11 and flange 8. The

11 is originally in expanded state and that contraction of,

the proximate end of the sleeve necessarily also contracts the ring. In processof contraction the ring slides down the inclined face of the rib 10 of the nipple which forms one side of the recess 9, and by pressure on the inside of liange 8 forces that flange to the other side of the recessk and against the side of the nut section 4 of the nipple. When the operation is completed, the ring and ange will have been solidly clamped in and between the sides of therecess and will have united the sleeve and nipple into a solid unit wherein the parts are immovably iixed with respect to each other both axially and circumferentially.

In accordance with the invention the sleeve 7 is provided with a plurality of apertures 12 in the wall thereof and these apertures afford relief for the outer resilient cover of the hose when the sleeve is compressed upon the latter, it being understood that resilient rubber is displaceable but non-compressible. When, therefore, the sleeve is compressed on the hose the rubber in the outer surface portions, displaced by the radial contraction, will flow into and through the apertures 12, as illustrated in Fig. 2, thereby producing a highly eiective mechanical interlock between the body of the hose and the sleeve.

It will be noted also that compression of the sleeve as described above and the resulting displacement of the outer rubber portions of the hose has the effect also of displacing the reenforcing elements oi thehose, which in the present instance consists of a metallic meshenvelope illustrated at 13 in Fig. 2, outwardly at the apertures 12,

this displacement of the metallic elements of the carcass Patented oct. 22, 1957V eliminates possibility'of the fabric slipping from between the inner and outer rubber sections. 'The displaced/reas of the metal fabric act alsoto afford solid backing for the extruded extensions-16 of the rubber in theapertures 1'2Ja'n'd j preclude 'auy'p'ssibili't'y '.f'res'ilient displacement of the rubber from tlie aperture.

By the construction-described above tlie'full'bo'dy of the "hose is notV only .clamped but isV 'mechanically n'terlocked between the'sleeve and the"riipple t"theiner`nd 'fthe coupling. The 'normal'st'ructure' of' the'fhosefbody is maintained and areas"of`crit'ieal Weakness andpos'sible leakage avoided.

`Fig. 4 y' shows la'. modification within 'the scope Yf. .'.th'e invention, it being noted'in 'this'fcase'th'at' 'the l'sle'eve '1'7 isprovided with an inner sleeveldrfliner18`contiriing the apetures 19 which receiveQtliel'rbber'of'the'hose displaced 'by 'contraction' 'of 'the sleeve 'as "described above. In tlis .cas'e 'the r'lberf is confined 'f'to'A the apertures Y19 andis concealed lby 'the sleeve 17, as 'dstinctir'om .the embodiment 'of Figs. '.1, 2 and '3 Wherei'nithc -dis'placed rubber willbe exposed 'atp'intl' on the outside o'fthe sleeve. It will be note'dfby 'reference` to Fig; 4'that'the end of thesle'eve T18 .seatsa'g'ainst a shoulder '21' on the inner sr'face of'the sleeve '17,'thus positively anchoring the sleeve 18 in .the sleeve 17 .against-any'tendency 'of the hose bo'dyv topull -'tree from .the '.cipling.

The sleeve "'show'n. in Fig. 'f5 .and designated S by .the freference numeral '2'3 is .identical .with 'the ,sleeve 7 'with exception that itis. provided withtoo'thlike projections'2'4 on the'inne'r surfacefor .interlocking engagement with the. outer surfaceof 'the'hose,`theange'd en'dportionsZS being also of the 'extra 'thickness .'to la'tord .increased strength at that point.

'It will Abe understood that 'the .co'upling .'herein illustrated asa desirable embodimentdtrthe'invention is .subject to considerable modification 'in detail ywithout .departure vfrom .the invention. as Adefined 'in the. appended claims.

.In Fig. 6, for example, we'have illustrated acoupling corresponding functionally to thatshownin'Figs. .l audZ but differing structurally in that the apertured :sleeve 25 is formed in this case integrally with the externally threaded terminalr portion .26 and Aadjoining uut portion 27 ofthe coupling, thenipple 28 being threaded into the interior of the latter .portion as indicated at.29. The operation ot applying this coupling to the hose "end corresponds to that described .above'in connection ywith'the embodiment of-Figs. Vl and 2.

It is immaterial whether` 'thehose-.end is compressed between the sleeve and nipple by contraction ofthe sleeve, as describedabove, .or expansion .ofthenipple Vin the hose end, or'both. 'In the coupling illustrated in Fig. 7, the apertured sleeve '3'1 and nipple 32 are both'integral parts of theterminal `and nut portions, 33 and .34.r`espec tively. Inthiscase, lalsothe coupling-ds -attachedto the hose :end .by .radial .expansion ;of rthe nipple 32,the resultingcompressionof the hose end resultingr .in the displacementof .the outer rubberelement into the sleeve apertures'SSas indicated a't-36 in Fig..'8.

The -couplings illustrated in .Figs '-9 .to l2 `as .further embodiments ofthe invention' .areof -a type capable of application yto the hosein fthe lield. In `the coupling of Figs. 9 .and '10, the. sleeve.}3`8 is .formed 'integrally -With the nut`-39;.andfthe.nipple .41.also carriesfa .nut- 42and is .integralwith 'the .externally .threaded .end portion 143. The nipple `in this instance'islassembled. inthe. sleeve from the nutend -by way of threads .'4'4 on the nippleand threads 45 in :'the nut,-an'd 'thebody -of..'the.nippl'e'is tapered .so that when the hose *.en'd .has been Ainserted .in 'the .sleeve 38 and thenipple. th'en .threaded 'into the nut, the latter by.re'aso n.o'f itsrtapered 'torrn will lco'mpres'sthe .wallet the hoseagainstthe inner s'u'rfaccof v'the'.'sl'eev'efand will cause .the rubberof '.thehose to iiow, into the apertures 4'6in. the sleeve.. asdescribedabove.

apertured sleeve 4'8, the threaded end portion 49', and

"tbe' nut "51"are "all integral partsV ofv a singlerbndylesig through member 1'54 and'ionto thenpplew' and between' the nipple ,and tlieisleeveA .48. illielatter is joined rto the body member'by-means 'of auiie'xible poi-'tion '57, and the sleeve 3 in-ladditien Pto `the E'aip'er'ture F62 ris :slit -or 'divided axially as indicated at .T58 into ,ai number of separate tongues 59. Wh'e'n the'm'erber 54is`ti'1'rned inwardly on the threads 53 of the body member the conical end 61 engages thetongues 59 and cams vorV wedges them inwardly and Lforcibly' upon 1 thefhose' enclso '"as to clamp f the latter andtoforce'the rubberouterlportins'.f'the hose outwardl'yintoand through the; apertures`62lin 'the'tongues 'It will be` .understood that' while in `each of Y`the {illustrated` embodiments.` of' the invention the sleeve has been shown Withcircular apertures, therelis no limitation'as tothe 'forrno'r'arran'gemeut o'f thev apertures inthe sleeve exceptthat 'theyi'bef a'sixe suitablefor their function.

l. A'coiipling forhose of `rthe itype having anouter thick 'wallportion of rnbb'er'or like 'substantially noncompress'ibl'e` resilient material, A`sai'd .coupling comprising asleeveforfapplication `externally toan end .of said hose and 'forming theouter'wagllfrthecouplingjsaid sleeve having "a cylindrical bore substantallyequal in diameter to the -external diameter ofthe Eh oseso' asi to `receive 'the end 'of "the latter without material distortion of .'said outerlr'esilientfportion, Knippie for' insertion Ain'said hose endand'corresponding approximately in diametrical'dimension to the bore of the hoseso asto be readilyiinsertable in the"latte r, means'fornniting'saidsleeve 'to the nipple 'Lata point'intermediatethe ends of l'the latter and independently 'of vthe hose, said "i'pplefaud sleeve constituting' elements of'a clamp between which :the wall vof the hose end may be conlinedunder:pressureand'one at least of said .elements being susceptible .to permanent distortion radiallyby pressureso as toclampthewall of the hose solidly between saidelements with .accompanying material radial contraction of the said outeriresilient portion, `a'ndsa'id sleeve havingapertures atordingjpassage through the w'allo'f vthe'sleeveiiorfree, unobstructediiow of thesaid resilient material of the outer wall .portion of the hose 'to'and beyondthe outer peripheral surfaceof the sleeve under the `clamping ,pressure of said sleeve and nipple "and in `amount to permit the 'said radial contraction of the resilient material over substantially the entire length of the sleeve without-axial extmsionrof said material from between the sleeve and .the nipple.

2. A coupling `for hose `of 'the'fype 'having an outer thick wall portion of rubber or like 'substantially noncompressibleresilient material, said vcoupling comprising a sleeve v'forapplication externally toan end of said hose and forming the outer wall of the coupling,'said sleeve having acylindrical bore substantially equalin diameter to theexternal diameter of the hoseiso as to `receive the end of thelatter without `material distortion of said outer resilient portion, a nipple for insertion in'said hose end and corresponding approximately in diametrical dimension'to'the bore. of thehoseso as 'to `be readily insertable in the latter, s'aid nipple andslee've constituting .elements of` a clamp between which the wall of the hosefend may be conn'e'dunder pressure and one "at least of .sail'elements being susceptible to permanent distortion radially by pressure. so as to clamp the wall ofthe hose solidly between'said elements with accompanying material radial contraction 'of .the said Youtenresilien't portion, and-'said sleevehaving.aperturesaftording passage through the wall of the sleeve for free unobstructed ow of the said resilient material of the outer wall portion of the hose to and beyond the outer peripheral surface 4of the sleeve under the clamping pressure of said sleeve and nipple and in amount to permit the said radial contraction of the resilient material over substantially the entire length of the sleeve without axial extrusion of said material from between the sleeve and the nipple.

3. A hose coupling according to claim 2 wherein the sleeve constitutes the radially distortable element.

4. A coupling for hose of the type having an outer thick wall portion of rubber or like substantially noncompressible resilient material, said coupling comprising a sleeve for application externally to an end of said hose and forming the outer wall of the coupling, said sleeve having a cylindrical bore substantially equal in diameter to the external diameter of the hose so as to receive the end of the latter without material distortion of said outer resilient end portion, a nipple for insertion in said hose end and corresponding approximately in diametrical dimension to the bore of the hose so as to be readily insertible in the latter, means for uniting said sleeve to the nipple at a point intermediate the ends of the latter and independently of the hose, said nipple and sleeve when assembled one within the other and so connected forming therebetween a cylindrical annular recess conforming substantially in shape and dimension to the Wall of the hose and constituting elements of a clamp between which the wall of the hose end may be confined under pressure, and one at least of said elements being susceptible to permanent distortion radially by pressure so as to clamp the wall of the hose inserted in said recess solidly between said elements with accompanying material radial contraction and resultant displacement of the said outer resilient non-compressible portion, and said sleeve having radial apertures affording free unobstructed outward flow to and beyond the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve of the said resilient material of the outer wall portion of the hose so displaced, said apertures having a collective capacity for said ilow related tothe said contraction and to the total volume of the material thereby displaced and being distributed over the area of said displacement so as to accommodate said displaced material without axial extrusion of the material from the said recess between the nipple and sleeve and to form in each of said apertures a solid pin of said material projecting from and integral with the said outer wall portion of the hose and having its side surface solidly abutting the side wall deining the aperture about the entire periphery of the pin and over a substantial part at least of the radial length of the aperture so that the pin is operative in shear to resist separation of the coupling from the hose.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Re. 19,865 Eastman Feb. 25, 1936 591,468 Gold Oct. 12, 1897 2,146,756 Miller Feb. 14, 1939 2,273,398 Couty Feb. 17, 1942 2,401,921 Fisher et al June 1l, 1946 2,410,600 Cowles Nov. 5, 1946 2,420,617 Paquin May 13, 1947 2,631,047 Spender Mar. 10. 1953 

